Why is solubility important in drug formulation?
Solubility is one of the important parameters to achieve desired concentration of drug in systemic circulation for achieving required pharmacological response [12]. Poorly water soluble drugs often require high doses in order to reach therapeutic plasma concentrations after oral administration.
What increases drug solubility?
There are various techniques to enhance the drug solubility such as particle size reduction, nanosuspension, use of surfactants, salt formation, solid dispersion, etc. From this article it may be concluded that solid dispersion is an important approach for improvement of bioavailability of poor water-soluble drugs.
How does solubility affect drug distribution?
Drug absorption depends on the lipid solubility of the drug, its formulation and the route of administration. A drug needs to be lipid soluble to penetrate membranes unless there is an active transport system or it is so small that it can pass through the aqueous channels in the membrane.
What is drug solubility?
Solubility, the phenomenon of dissolution of solute in solvent to give a homogenous system, is one of the important parameters to achieve desired concentration of drug in systemic circulation for desired (anticipated) pharmacological response.
What is the need for formulation?
A formulation may be created for any of the following purposes: to achieve effects that cannot be obtained from its components when these are used singly. to achieve a higher degree of effectiveness. to improve handling properties and often safety for the user.
Which polymorphic form of drug has the highest solubility of drug?
Polymorph A is the thermodynamically stable one, but its absorption in humans is significantly lower than that of polymorph B [72], because Form B dissolves faster than Form A, and has much higher solubility [73].
What is meant by drug formulation?
Put simply, drug formulation is the process of designing and producing the drugs that are eventually sold to patients as pharmaceuticals. In this phase of development, a variety of substances are combined with the drug’s active ingredient. This chemical has the intended effect on the patient to form the finalized drug.
What is meant by pharmaceutical formulation?
Pharmaceutical formulation is the formation of a pharmaceutical product, including a drug’s chemical properties, formulation, and details of the treatment protocol to be implemented in the clinical application.[1] There are currently tens of thousands of medication formulations available on the market for clinicians to …
How polymorphism affect drug solubility?
Due to the differences in crystal structure, different polymorphs of a given solid drug show different physicochemical characteristics, which may lead to different drug bioavailability and half-life of the drug.
What is solubility and why is it important for drug formulation?
Solubility also plays a major role for other dosage forms like parenteral formulations as well [ 11 ]. Solubility is one of the important parameters to achieve desired concentration of drug in systemic circulation for achieving required pharmacological response [ 12 ].
Why do some drugs have low aqueous solubility?
Poorly water soluble drugs often require high doses in order to reach therapeutic plasma concentrations after oral administration. Low aqueous solubility is the major problem encountered with formulation development of new chemical entities as well as generic development.
What is the solvent of choice for liquid pharmaceutical formulations?
Water is the solvent of choice for liquid pharmaceutical formulations. Most of the drugs are either weakly acidic or weakly basic having poor aqueous solubility. More than 40% NCEs (new chemical entities) developed in pharmaceutical industry are practically insoluble in water.
What are the solubility enhancement techniques used in pharmacology?
9. Inclusion Complex Formation-Based Techniques Among all the solubility enhancement techniques, inclusion complex formation technique has been employed more precisely to improve the aqueous solubility, dissolution rate, and bioavailability of poorly water soluble drugs.