What causes aortoenteric fistula?

What causes aortoenteric fistula?

Primary aortoenteric fistula (PAEF) — Primary aortoenteric fistula (PAEF) arises de novo between the aorta and the gastrointestinal tract. Causes of PAEF include aneurysm (most common), foreign body, tumor, radiation therapy and infection (eg, tuberculosis, syphilis) [5-7].

How is Aortoenteric fistula treated?

Aortoenteric fistula caused by a ruptured stent-graft a case report. Traditional treatment of AEF has consisted of graft excision and extra-anatomic bypass. Alternatives to this have included in situ graft replacement and simple graft excision alone.

How is Aortoenteric fistula diagnosed?

Symptomatology can be varied but most often includes signs of infection and of gastrointestinal bleeding. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and computed tomography (CT) scans are the most useful tests to diagnose AEF. Treatment almost always requires excision of the infected graft and revascularization.

What is a herald bleed?

Herald bleeding is defined as an episode of hemorrhage, often accompanied by abdominal pain, which may precede, by hours to weeks, a catastrophic hemorrhage.

At which portion of the gastrointestinal system is an Aortoenteric fistula most likely to occur for patients with a history of an aorta graft placement?

[2] The duodenum, particularly the third and fourth segments where the aorta and duodenum are most intimately associated, is the most common site for developing an AEF.

WHAT IS A aortic fistula?

A fistula is an abnormal, tubelike connection between two structures inside the body. When the connection is between the aorta and a loop of bowel that is near the aorta it is known as an aortoenteric fistula (AEF).

What is sentinel bleed?

Sentinel, or “warning” leaks that produce minor blood leakage are reported to occur in 30-50% of cases. Sentinel bleeds produce sudden focal or generalized head pain that may be severe. They also result in nausea, vomiting, photophobia, malaise, or, less commonly, neck pain.