How is direct reduced iron produced?
Direct reduced iron (DRI), also called sponge iron, is produced from the direct reduction of iron ore (in the form of lumps, pellets, or fines) into iron by a reducing gas or elemental carbon produced from natural gas or coal. Many ores are suitable for direct reduction.
What country produces the most reduced iron?
Although China and Japan produce more steel, India is the largest producer of direct reduced iron (DRI) in the world.
Where is reduced iron produced?
Direct reduced iron is iron ore in the form of lumps, fines or pellets that have had the oxygen removed by using hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Typical sources of carbon monoxide are natural gas, coal gas, and coal. Other energy inputs into the production process often include oil and electricity.
What is direct reduction process?
In a direct reduction process, lump iron oxide pellets and/or lump iron ore, are reduced (oxygen removed) by a reducing gas, producing direct reduced iron (DRI). If the cooling stage is omitted, the DRI can be immediately briquetted into hot briquetted iron (HBI).
What is the difference between direct reduction and indirect reduction?
Indirect reduction is when iron oxide is reduced by Carbon (ii) oxide gas. Direct reduction is when the ore is reduced by Carbon element also known as coke.
What is reduction furnace?
reduction furnace (plural reduction furnaces) A form of furnace in which an ore is reduced to a metal.
What is hot briquetted iron used for?
HBI (Hot Briquetted Iron) can be used as a scrap supplement in Electric Arc Furnaces allowing the production of most demanding steel grades. HBI is also used in Blast Furnaces to boost productivity and to reduce the coke consumption or in Blast Oxygen Furnaces as a low-residual substitute for scrap.
What is a direct reduction furnace?
Direct reduction furnace means a high temperature furnace typically fired with natural gas to produce solid iron from iron ore or iron ore pellets and coke, coal, or other carbonaceous materials.
What is reduced iron ingredient?
(1) Reduced iron is prepared by reacting ground ferric oxide with hydrogen or carbon monoxide at an elevated temperature. The process results in a grayish-black powder, all of which should pass through a 100-mesh sieve. It is lusterless or has not more than a slight luster.
What is Caster in Steel Plant?
This is a facility for casting molten steel into semi-finished products(slabs) by continuously cooling, solidifying molten steel – which was melted and ingredients adjusted in a blast furnace, electric arc furnace, direct reduction furnace, etc. – and cutting them into given lengths.
What is ladle furnace?
A ladle furnace is composed by a three-electrode electric system, operating AC mode; working into a three-phase electrical circuit, usually placed on the vertices of an equilateral triangle in around the furnace.
What is direct reduced iron?
Direct reduced iron is iron ore in the form of lumps, fines or pellets that have had the oxygen removed by using hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Typical sources of carbon monoxide are natural gas, coal gas, and coal. Other energy inputs into the production process often include oil and electricity.
What is the DRI production of iron?
DRI production. Direct reduction of iron is the removal of oxygen from iron ore or other iron bearing materials in the solid state, i.e. without melting, as in the blast furnace. The reducing agents are carbon monoxide and hydrogen, coming from reformed natural gas, syngas or coal. Iron ore is used mostly in pellet and/or lumpy form.
What is the difference between blast furnace and direct reduced iron?
The reduction of iron oxides takes place according to the following chemical equations: In contrast to the blast furnace process, the direct-reduced iron process operates at temperatures of up to 1000 °C. The iron ores are therefore not melted!
Which country is the world’s largest producer of direct reduced iron?
India is the world’s largest producer of direct-reduced iron. Many other countries use variants of the process. Factors that help make DRI economical:
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