What are two parts of the viral life cycle?
The viral life cycle can be divided into several major stages: attachment, entry, uncoating, replication, maturation, and release.
What are the two cycles of viral reproduction in bacteriophage?
1: Lytic versus lysogenic cycle: A temperate bacteriophage has both lytic and lysogenic cycles. In the lytic cycle, the phage replicates and lyses the host cell. In the lysogenic cycle, phage DNA is incorporated into the host genome, where it is passed on to subsequent generations.
What are the steps of viral reproduction?
Viral replication involves six steps: attachment, penetration, uncoating, replication, assembly, and release.
What structures are components of both viruses and cells?
According to the information in the Venn diagram, the only structure or component that a virus and a cell have in common is nucleic acid. The virus lacks all the other cellular structures, and without them, it cannot exist, thrive, and reproduce on its own.
What are the two entry mechanisms used by enveloped viruses?
Enveloped viruses also have two ways of entering cells after binding to their receptors: receptor-mediated endocytosis, or fusion.
What is the lytic cycle of a virus?
In the lytic cycle, the virus attaches to the host cell and injects its DNA. Using the host’s cellular metabolism, the viral DNA begins to replicate and form proteins. Then fully formed viruses assemble. These viruses break, or lyse, the cell and spread to other cells to continue the cycle.
What 2 components do all viruses contain?
The simplest virions consist of two basic components: nucleic acid (single- or double-stranded RNA or DNA) and a protein coat, the capsid, which functions as a shell to protect the viral genome from nucleases and which during infection attaches the virion to specific receptors exposed on the prospective host cell.
How do viruses multiply list two points?
Viruses cannot replicate on their own, but rather depend on their host cell’s protein synthesis pathways to reproduce. This typically occurs by the virus inserting its genetic material in host cells, co-opting the proteins to create viral replicates, until the cell bursts from the high volume of new viral particles.
What are the two essential components of a virus?
Which of the following is found in both cells and viruses?
Nucleic acid is an important class of macromolecules found in all cells and viruses. The functions of nucleic acids have to do with the storage and expression of genetic information. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) encodes the information the cell needs to make proteins.
What is the difference between enveloped and nonenveloped viruses?
Viruses can be divided into two main categories; enveloped viruses, which have a lipid membrane (envelope) that is derived from the host cell; and non-enveloped viruses, which lack a membrane.
What is the difference in entry between enveloped and Nonenveloped animal viruses?
Enveloped viruses can fuse directly with the plasma membrane, releasing the capsid directly into the cytosol, whilst non-enveloped viruses disrupt or form pore(s) in the plasma membrane to gain entry.