What is joseph von Fraunhofer known for?
Joseph Ritter von Fraunhofer (/ˈfraʊnˌhoʊfər/; German: [ˈfraʊnˌhoːfɐ]; 6 March 1787 – 7 June 1826) was a German physicist and optical lens manufacturer. He made optical glass and achromatic telescope objective lenses, invented the spectroscope, and developed diffraction grating.
Where was von Fraunhofer born?
Straubing, GermanyJoseph von Fraunhofer / Place of birthStraubing is an independent city in Lower Bavaria, southern Germany. It is seat of the district of Straubing-Bogen. Annually in August the Gäubodenvolksfest, the second largest fair in Bavaria, is held.
The city is located on the Danube forming the centre of the Gäuboden. Wikipedia
What did Fraunhofer discover that Newton missed?
Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727) discovered that if white light is passed through a prism, it separates into a rainbow, which is called a spectrum. While studying the spectrum that sunlight made, Joseph Fraunhofer (1787-1826) discovered some dark lines scattered among the colors.
Who explain the origin of Fraunhofer lines?
The lines were first observed in 1802 by the English physicist William Hyde Wollaston but are named for the German physicist Joseph von Fraunhofer, who from about 1814 plotted more than 500 of them and designated the brightest by the letters A through G, a system of identification still in use.
What did Newton miss in his discoveries about light that Wollaston Fraunhofer and Kirchhoff discovered?
In 1802, William Hyde Wollaston built a spectrometer, improving on Newton’s model, that included a lens to focus the Sun’s spectrum on a screen. Upon use, Wollaston realized that the colors were not spread uniformly, but instead had missing patches of colors, which appeared as dark bands in the sun’s spectrum.
What causes the Fraunhofer lines?
Fraunhofer lines, in astronomical spectroscopy, any of the dark (absorption) lines in the spectrum of the Sun or other star, caused by selective absorption of the Sun’s or star’s radiation at specific wavelengths by the various elements existing as gases in its atmosphere.
What element was discovered using Fraunhofer lines?
helium
Spectroscopic investigations of the Sun’s chromosphere during a solar eclipse in India in 1868 revealed a previously unobserved line, close in wavelength to the D1 and D2 Fraunhofer lines of sodium. The new line was designated D3 and the element it represented helium (= sun).