What is the structure of adenovirus?
The adenovirus particle consists of an icosahedral protein shell surrounding a protein core that contains the linear, double-stranded DNA genome (Fig. 67-2). The shell, which is 70 to 100 nm in diameter, is made up of 252 structural capsomeres.
Is the adenovirus complex?
Adenovirus is a large virus, composed of a complex protein capsid surrounding its DNA genome and core proteins. The structure of the capsid has recently been solved by cryo-electron microscopy (PDB entry 3iyn ) and x-ray crystallography (PDB entry 1vsz ).
What is the structure of adenovirus capsid?
The capsid shell of an adenovirus (Ad) comprises multiple copies of three major capsid proteins (MCPs; hexon, penton base, and fiber) and four minor/cement proteins (IIIa, VI, VIII, and IX) that are organized with pseudo-T = 25 icosahedral symmetry (Fig. 1 A and B).
What is the shape of the adenovirus?
The adenoviral capsid has the shape of a rounded icosahedron (a polyhedron with 12 vertices, 20 faces, and 30 edges), and each vertex has a spike that allows the virus to interact with the surface of a host cell [5]. Packed inside this capsid lies the adenovirus genome.
Why is it called adenovirus?
Adenoviruses (members of the family Adenoviridae) are medium-sized (90–100 nm), nonenveloped (without an outer lipid bilayer) viruses with an icosahedral nucleocapsid containing a double-stranded DNA genome. Their name derives from their initial isolation from human adenoids in 1953.
What is the structure of coronavirus?
The coronavirus particles are organized with long RNA polymers tightly packed into the center of the particle, and surrounded by a protective capsid, which is a lattice of repeated protein molecules referred to as coat or capsid proteins. In coronavirus, these proteins are called nucleocapsid (N).
What are the types of adenovirus?
Adenovirus types that can cause outbreaks Adenovirus types 3, 4 and 7 are most commonly associated with acute respiratory illness. Adenovirus type 7 has been associated with more severe outcomes than other adenovirus types, particularly in people with weakened immune systems.
Where are adenovirus found?
Adenoviruses are a group of common viruses that infect the lining of your eyes, airways and lungs, intestines, urinary tract, and nervous system. They’re common causes of fever, coughs, sore throats, diarrhea, and pink eye.
What is the structure of adenoviruses?
In this article we will discuss about the structure of adenoviruses (explained with diagram). All adenovirus particles are similar; particles are medium-sized, non-enveloped having 90-100 nm diameters (Fig. 17.5). The particles have icosahedral symmetry which can easily be visible in the electron microscope by negative staining.
How many proteins are in the adenovirus capsid?
There are at least 10 proteins in the adenovirus capsid (Table 17. 2). The double-stranded linear DNA is associated with two major core proteins: terminal protein (TP) and VII. Terminal protein is covalently attached to the 5′ ends of the genome strands.
What is a globular domain in adenovirus?
A globular domain at the end of the adenovirus fiber is responsible for recognition of the cellular receptor. There are at least 10 proteins in the adenovirus capsid (Table 17.2). The double-stranded linear DNA is associated with two major core proteins: terminal protein (TP) and VII.
Which adenoviruses cause acute respiratory diseases?
Adenovirus types 4, 7, and 3 cause acute respiratory diseases, including pneumonia, in this population. Adenoviruses have been isolated from severely immunocompromised patients, such as those with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Many of these isolates, including the adenovirus types 42 to 47, are found in the urine of AIDS patients.