What is least significant change in BMD?
The least significant change (LSC) represents the smallest difference between successive measurements of bone mineral density (BMD) that can be considered to be a real change and not attributable to chance.
What is considered a significant change in bone density?
The measured increase in BMD of 0.040 g/cm2 exceeds the LSC of 0.031 g/cm2 and is considered a statistically significant increase in BMD.
What is a significant decrease in bone mineral density?
The most worrisome condition is osteoporosis, where low bone density causes holes inside the bone to widen and the outer walls of the bone (the cortex) to thin. This causes the bone to be more fragile. People with osteoporosis are at a much greater risk for fracture with little or no trauma.
What is the lowest score for osteoporosis?
A T-score within 1 SD (+1 or -1) of the young adult mean indicates normal bone density. A T-score of 1 to 2.5 SD below the young adult mean (-1 to -2.5 SD) indicates low bone mass. A T-score of 2.5 SD or more below the young adult mean (more than -2.5 SD) indicates the presence of osteoporosis.
How do you find the least significant change?
Least significant change, or LSC, is the least amount of BMD change that can be considered statistically significant. The ISCD recommends calculating this for a 95% confidence level, which is done by multiplying the precision error by 2.77.
What is significant change on DEXA?
To do this, they get patients to volunteer to be scanned, then get up off of the table and then be scanned again. Least significant change will vary from DXA center to DXA center, but can run from about 3% to 5%.
How do you slow down bone loss?
There are things you should do at any age to prevent weakened bones. Eating foods that are rich in calcium and vitamin D is important. So is regular weight-bearing exercise, such as weight training, walking, hiking, jogging, climbing stairs, tennis, and dancing.
What is a good BMD score?
The T-score The more standard deviations below 0, indicated as negative numbers, the lower your BMD and the higher your risk of fracture. As shown in the table below, a T-score between +1 and −1 is considered normal or healthy.
How is LSC calculated?
LSC is estimated based upon measurement error (estimated via root-mean-squared coefficient of variation (CV%RMS) precision errors) and an adjusting Z-score derived from the selected level of statistical confidence (typically two-tailed 95% confidence, with a Z-score of 2.77 used in the relation LSC=2.77 x CV%RMS).