What is a common cause of acute exudative pharyngitis?

What is a common cause of acute exudative pharyngitis?

Acute pharyngitis can be caused by a variety of viral and bacterial pathogens, including group A Streptococcus (GAS), as well as fungal pathogens (Candida). Bacterial pharyngitis is more common in winter (or early spring), while enteroviral infection is more common in the summer and fall.

What bacteria causes exudative pharyngitis?

Group C and G streptococci are commonly found as normal microbiota in the human pharynx; however, they have also become increasingly recognized as potential causes of pharyngitis.

Can viral pharyngitis have exudate?

Viral pharyngitis, otherwise known as a sore throat, is a common cause of tonsillar exudates. Infectious mononucleosis, caused by the Epstein–Barr virus, can lead to the secretion of white or gray-green tonsillar exudate.

What is the most common cause of the acute Pharyngotonsillitis?

Viruses account for over 50% of all cases of pharyngotonsillitis (2). Of bacterial pathogens, beta‐hemolytic group A streptococci (e.g. Streptococcus pyogenes) are responsible for 15–30% of all cases of pharyngotonsillitis, with higher rates of occurrence during the winter months in temperate climates (3, 13, 86, 92).

Is exudative pharyngitis contagious?

Yes, pharyngitis (viral and bacterial) is contagious and can be transmitted from one person to another. Usually, mucus, nasal discharge and saliva can contain the viruses and/or bacteria that can cause sore throat. Consequently, even kissing can cause transfer of these organisms.

What is the main reason to treat a patient with GAS pharyngitis?

The primary reason to identify and treat GAS pharyngitis is to decrease the risk of acute rheumatic fever [IB]. The endemic incidence of acute rheumatic fever is around 0.23- 1.88/100,000 children of school age.

Can you have exudate without tonsils?

Upon examination, patients typically have tonsillo-pharyngeal erythema with or without tonsillar exudate. Erythema of the uvula may also commonly be seen. Palatal petechiae and scarlatiniform rash are specific for bacteria pharyngitis but uncommon findings.

What does exudative pharyngitis mean?

Erythematous (red throat) or exudative (red throat and whitish exudate) pharyngitis: this appearance is common to both viral and GAS pharyngitis. Centor criteria help assessment and decrease the empirical use of antibiotics in settings where rapid testing for GAS is not available.

What is tonsil exudate?

Another features may be an “exudate” or whitish-yellow covering, especially pronounced on the tonsils. The exudate contains dead cells and bacteria or viruses. The most common cause of pharyngitis is infection by a virus, especially one of the viruses that can cause the common cold.

What is the pathophysiology of acute exudative tonsillitis?

Acute exudative tonsillitis involves a number of causative pathogens and a wide spectrum of severity. A meticulous clinical examination would differentiate between the 2 most common causes, streptococcus and Epstein-Barr virus.

What are the diagnostic criteria for tonsillopharyngitis?

Diagnosis reference Tonsillopharyngitis is acute infection of the pharynx, palatine tonsils, or both. Symptoms may include sore throat, dysphagia, cervical lymphadenopathy, and fever. Diagnosis is clinical, supplemented… read more Patients who meet 1 or no criteria are unlikely to have GABHS and should not be tested.

What are the treatment options for tonsillopharyngitis (kidney infection)?

Some clinicians also give a single dose of a corticosteroid (eg, dexamethasone 10 mg IM), which may help shorten symptom duration without affecting rates of relapse or adverse effects ( 1 Treatment references Tonsillopharyngitis is acute infection of the pharynx, palatine tonsils, or both.

Which lab tests are used to diagnose acute exudative tonsillitis?

Acute exudative tonsillitis in adults: the use of the Centor scoreand some laboratory tests Centor score of 3 or more together with high CRP, neutrophilia, and lymphocytopenia is predictive for GABHS tonsillopharyngitis. Centor score of 3 or more together with high CRP, neutrophilia, and lymphocytopenia is predictive for GABHS tonsillopharyngitis.