What are the epidemiological determinants of malaria?
The concept of stratification, developed by WHO in the mid-1980s, characterizes epidemiologic zones of malaria in terms of their main determinants, including climate, the location of sources of water and of mountains, vector biology, anthropology, and social and economic factors.
Why is it important to study malaria epidemiology in India?
Based on vast geographic areas with associated topographic and climatic diversity, the variable malaria epidemiology in India is associated with high parasite genetic diversity and rapidly evolving drug resistance, differential distribution of vector species and emerging insecticide resistance and underlying human …
What are the biological factors of malaria?
Malaria is transmitted to humans by female mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles. Female mosquitoes take blood meals for egg production, and these blood meals are the link between the human and the mosquito hosts in the parasite life cycle.
What is the epidemiological triangle?
The Epidemiologic Triangle, sometimes referred to as the Epidemiologic Triad, is a tool that scientists use for addressing the three components that contribute to the spread of disease: an external agent, a susceptible host and an environment that brings the agent and host together.
What are the epidemiological approaches?
The three main types of epidemiological approaches consist of interventional epidemiology, descriptive epidemiology, and analytic epidemiology (John, 2001).
What is the most common infectious agent of malaria?
INFECTIOUS AGENT Malaria in humans is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium: Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, or P. malariae.
What is the significance of the study of malaria?
In 2010, malaria caused 216 million clinical episodes and over 655,000 deaths. It’s hard to stabilize economies and populations in developing parts of the world with people at risk for such a debilitating disease. Understanding and controlling malaria is very important to many countries’ military operations.
Why do we study Plasmodium?
Careful examination of methods used to detect these parasites and interpretation of individual- and population-based data are necessary to understand the influence of mixed Plasmodium species infections on malarial disease.
What is malaria biology?
Malaria is an infectious disease caused by a parasite, called Plasmodium that invades red blood cells and liver cells. The parasites are transferred to humans by the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito.