What is the CYP2A6 gene?
CYP2A6 Gene – Cytochrome P450 Family 2 Subfamily A Member 6 This gene, CYP2A6, encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes. The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids.
What does CYP2A6 do?
CYP2A6 is the primary enzyme responsible for the oxidation of nicotine and cotinine. It is also involved in the metabolism of several pharmaceuticals, carcinogens, and a number of coumarin-type alkaloids.
What drugs are metabolized by CYP2A6?
CYP2A6, a phase I drug metabolizing enzyme (DME) which metabolizes about 3% of pharmaceutical agents including letrozole, tegafur, coumarin, valproic acid, methoxyflurane, artesunate, disulfiram, halothane and fadrozole.
Where is CYP2A6 found?
chromosome 19
The CYP2A6 gene is located on chromosome 19 and codes for the protein CYP2A6 consisting of 494 amino acids.
What is nicotine metabolized by?
Almost 90% of nicotine absorbed by the body is metabolized in the liver. Nicotine may also be metabolized in the kidneys, lungs, brain, and respiratory epithelium membranes.
What does CYP1A2 ultrarapid metabolizer mean?
People who have the CYP1A2 A/A genotype for rs762551 are rapid metabolizers. This means that they will break down, or metabolize, substances such as caffeine more rapidly.
Is nicotine a derivative of tobacco?
Nicotine is a naturally produced alkaloid in the nightshade family of plants (most predominantly in tobacco and Duboisia hopwoodii) and is widely used recreationally as a stimulant and anxiolytic. As a pharmaceutical drug, it is used for smoking cessation to relieve withdrawal symptoms.
What is a normal nicotine level?
The level of an average daily smoker is normally higher than 10 ng/mL and can even be as high as 500ng/mL. The average is between 30 and 50 ng/mL.
What is nicotine classified?
Nicotine is classified as a stimulant of autonomic ganglia. Nicotine is a stimulant drug that acts as an agonist at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.
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