How do you treat testicular microlithiasis?
GCNIS may be diagnosed adjacent to existing testicular tumors, contralateral to known testicular tumors, and among patients undergoing testicular biopsy for other reasons. Treatment options for patients with GCNIS include preventative orchiectomy, radiotherapy, surveillance, or chemotherapy.
Is testicular microlithiasis normal?
Summary: Testicular microlithiasis is common and while microcalcifications do exist in roughly 50% of germ cell tumors the majority of men with testicular microlithiasis will not develop testicular cancer.
What is the average size of testicular microlithiasis?
Microlithiasis appears as small non-shadowing hyperechoic foci ranging in diameter from 1-3 mm. These foci, often uniformly sized, occur within the testicular parenchyma and although usually distributed uniformly, may be distributed peripherally or segmentally 2.
What is mild testicular microlithiasis?
Testicular microlithiasis (tes-TIK-yoo-lur my-kroh-lih-THIE-uh-sis) is a condition in which small clusters of calcium form in the testicles. It can be detected on an ultrasound exam of the scrotum. Several studies show a relationship between testicular microlithiasis and testicular cancer.
Does testicular microlithiasis go away?
There is no cure or treatment for testicular microlithiasis, however, patients may be monitored via ultrasound to make sure that other conditions do not develop. Emphasis on testicular examination is the recommended follow up for asymptomatic men incidentally identified with testicular microlithiasis.
What causes testicular microlithiasis?
Testicular microlithiasis is more common in patients with other testicular pathologies, including cryptorchidism, varicocele, pseudohermaphroditism, germ cell tumors, and infertility. The condition is also more common in patients with Down or Klinefelter syndromes.
Can Microlithiasis cause infertility?
Introduction: Testicular microlithiasis (TML) was shown to be associated with an increased risk of infertility. However, the association of TML with spermatogenesis in patients with unexplained infertility is still unknown.
Is testicular microlithiasis hereditary?
Testicular microlithiasis appeared to cluster in certain families. These findings suggest both a familial predisposition to TM and an association between TM and FTGCT.
Does Microlithiasis cause infertility?
Testicular microlithiasis, which is frequently seen with testicular cancer, may be associated with infertility [5-8]. Theoretically, decreased fertility could be expected because 30% to 60% of seminiferous tubules can be obstructed by intratubular concretions, which is considered to be a pathogenesis of TM.
Is testicular microlithiasis painful?
[22] Mostly, the presentation is asymptomatic and is often diagnosed with imaging. There are reports of painful testicular microlithiasis. [23] The mechanism of pain was suggested to be distension of seminiferous tubules. Other conditions in which TM is diagnosed often are infertility and testicular tumors.