Does EMT occur in breast cancer?
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, and approximately 90% of breast cancer deaths are caused by local invasion and distant metastasis of tumor cells. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a vital process for large-scale cell movement during morphogenesis at the time of embryonic development.
How is epithelial to mesenchymal transition significant in studying cancer?
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complex developmental program that enables carcinoma cells to suppress their epithelial features changing to mesenchymal ones. This change allows cells to acquire mobility and the capacity to migrate from the primary site.
Are 4t1-derived epithelial-mesenchymal transition tumors metastatic?
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been linked to metastatic propensity. The 4T1 tumor is a clinically relevant model of spontaneous breast cancer metastasis. Here we characterize 4T1-derived cell lines for EMT, in vitro invasiveness and in vivo metastatic ability. Contrary to expectations, …
Is the 4T1 tumor a relevant model of spontaneous breast cancer metastasis?
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been linked to metastatic propensity. The 4T1 tumor is a clinically relevant model of spontaneous breast cancer metastasis. Here we characterize 4T1-derived cell lines for EMT, in vitro invasiveness and in vivo metastatic ability.
Are 4T1 cells involved in bone metastasis?
Populations of 4T1 cells with increased capacity to form bone metastasis were used by Rose and colleagues to identify novel genes involved in bone metastases formation 20. Effects of the anti-resorptive agent ZOL on metastasis have been studied using orthotopic implantation of 4T1/luc cells in the mammary fat pad in female BALB/c mice 28.
Can Exhausted T cells be restored after PD-1 blockade?
The evidences have shown that after anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy, the functionality of exhausted T cells can be restored. And in mice infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, a population of short-term memory T cells selectively proliferated after PD-1 blockade [50–53].