What is hog cholera virus?
Classical swine fever (CSF), also known as hog cholera, is a contagious viral disease of domestic and wild swine. It is caused by a virus of the genus Pestivirus of the family Flaviviridae. The most common method of transmission is through direct contact between healthy swine and those infected with CSF virus.
What are the symptoms of hog cholera?
(Hog Cholera, Swine Fever) Infected pigs develop fever, hemorrhages, lethargy, yellowish diarrhea, vomiting, and a purple skin discoloration of the ears, lower abdomen, and legs. Neurologic signs, reproductive failures, and abortion may also be observed.
How does hog cholera spread?
The virus is shed in the blood, saliva, nasal discharge, urine, feces, or tissues of infected pigs. The virus can also be spread in semen during breeding or across the placenta from infected sows to piglets. Less commonly, the virus is spread by aerosol in close confinement or by vectors (e.g. flies).
What are the symptoms of classical swine fever?
Signs of CSF vary with the strain of classical swine fever virus and the age and susceptibility of the pigs. High fever, huddling, constipation followed by diarrhea and reddened eyes are often seen. The skin may show hemorrhages with discoloration of the ears, abdomen or inner thighs.
How is hog cholera treated?
No treatment for CSF is available. Vaccination with highly effective vaccines is used where the disease is endemic to prevent CSFV expansion. Vaccination is not applied in countries free of the disease. Instead, rapid confirmation of suspected cases, followed by quarantine and depopulation of exposed herds is applied.
How is hog waste handled?
Currently, most swine waste is treated as a liquid in earthen containment structures called lagoons, in which bacteria break down the waste aerobically. The treated effluent from the lagoons is then sprayed onto field crops that use the nutrients contained in the effluent.
What are 5 varieties of hogs to raise?
Swine Raising Guide
- BREED OF SWINE.
- YORKSHlRE OR LARGEWHITE.
- LANDRACE.
- DUROC.
- HAMPSHIRE.
- BERKSHIRE.
- PIETRAIN.
What is the difference between African swine fever and classical swine fever?
ASF is caused by a virus that is unrelated to the classical swine fever virus and has a more complex genetic structure. Both ASF and CSF affect pigs only, and do not infect humans and other livestock.
Is hog cholera curable?
Hog cholera can be successfully prevented by the use of anti-hog-cholera serum. It should be used as a preventive and not as a cure, although its curative properties should not be entirely overlooked.
How does pig production affect the environment?
The environmental impact of pig farming is mainly driven by the spread of feces and waste to surrounding neighborhoods, polluting air and water with toxic waste particles. Waste from pig farms can carry pathogens, bacteria (often antibiotic resistant), and heavy metals that can be toxic when ingested.
What is hog waste?
It is among the world’s largest, killing 35,000 hogs per day. Before and after their death, hogs generate a lot of waste: not just urine and feces, but blood and other products of rendering that are sent to Smithfield’s wastewater treatment plant.
What are the different characteristics and traits of hog?
Pigs are highly intelligent, social animals, displaying elaborate maternal, communicative, and affiliative behavior. Wild and feral pigs inhabit wide tracts of the southern and mid-western United States, where they thrive in a variety of habitats.