What is acute post infectious glomerulonephritis?
Acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis is an immunologic response of the kidney to infection, characterized by the sudden appearance of edema, hematuria, proteinuria and hypertension . It is essentially a disease of childhood that accounts for approximately 90% of renal disorders in children.
What causes acute Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis?
Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) results from an antecedent infection of the skin (impetigo) or throat (pharyngitis) caused by nephritogenic strains of group A beta-hemolytic streptococci.
What are the clinical signs in acute streptococcal glomerulonephritis?
Clinical Features Hypertension. Proteinuria. Macroscopic hematuria, with urine appearing dark, reddish-brown. Complaints of lethargy, generalized weakness, or anorexia.
Which antibodies is found in post streptococcal glomerulonephritis?
The streptococcal antibodies measured include the following: Antistreptolysin (ASO) Antihyaluronidase (AHase)
What is the most common cause of acute glomerulonephritis?
Acute glomerulonephritis occurs suddenly. The most common cause is strep throat or another similar infection. The condition may be a result of other diseases, such as lupus, Wegener’s diseases, and Goodpasture’s syndrome. Early treatment and diagnosis of the condition are essential.
Which protein is responsible for the pathogenesis of post streptococcal glomerulonephritis?
Glomerular plasmin-binding activity of streptococcal glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase may play a role in nephritogenicity and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B and its zymogen precursor may be the long-sought nephritogenic antigen.
Is post streptococcal glomerulonephritis nephrotic or nephritic?
The clinical presentation of PSGN varies from asymptomatic, microscopic hematuria to the full-blown acute nephritic syndrome, characterized by red to brown urine, proteinuria (which can reach the nephrotic range), edema, hypertension, and acute kidney injury.
Which laboratory test is typical for acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis?
Recent poststreptococcal infection is most commonly demonstrated by serologic markers for elevated antibodies to extracellular streptococcal antigens. The streptozyme test, which measures 5 different streptococcal antibodies, is positive in more than 95% of patients with APSGN due to pharyngitis.