In which fermentation is Clostridium acetobutylicum used?

In which fermentation is Clostridium acetobutylicum used?

Clostridium acetobutylicum is an organism historically used for industrial-scale production of the organic solvents acetone, n-butanol, and ethanol (ABE) through a process known as ABE fermentation10.

Is Clostridium acetobutylicum Gram-positive?

CLOSTRIDIUM | Clostridium Acetobutylicum They stain Gram-positive in growing cultures but Gram-negative in older cultures. During sporulation, cells swell markedly and form granulose, a polysaccharide reserve material. Spores are oval and subterminal.

Is Clostridium Butyricum aerobic or anaerobic?

Clostridium butyricum is a strictly anaerobic, Gram-positive, spore-forming bacillus named for its capacity to produce high amounts of butyric acid.

What organism produces acetone?

Abstract. The moderately halophilic bacterium Nesterenkonia sp. strain F, which was isolated from Aran-Bidgol Lake (Iran), has the ability to produce acetone, butanol and ethanol (ABE) as well as acetic and butyric acids under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

Is Clostridium acetobutylicum Gram positive or negative?

Clostridium acetobutylicum is a Gram-positive bacillus (1). C. acetobutylicum is most often soil dwelling, although it has been found in a number of different environments. It is mesophilic with optimal temperatures of 10-65°C.

What causes degeneration in Clostridium acetobutylicum?

When Clostridium acetobutylicum is cultured in continuous culture or undergoes many transfers, the strain slowly degenerates in that it loses its ability for solvent production. Experiments to determine what causes degeneration have shown that pSOL1 contains four genes which are vital for alcohol and acetone production.

Where is Clostridium acetobutylicum found?

While the type strain of C. acetobutylicum was isolated from soil, C. acetobutylicum is ubiquitous. It has been found in “lake sediment, well water, and clam gut” (1). In addition, it has been recorded in a number of different feces specimens, including human, bovine, and canine feces (1).

What type strain is Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824?

Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 is considered the type strain. Clostridium acetobutylicum is a Gram-positive bacillus (1). C. acetobutylicum is most often soil dwelling, although it has been found in a number of different environments.