Can propofol cause lactic acidosis?
The propofol infusion syndrome (PRIS) is rare and occurs predominantly in critically ill children with prolonged (>48 hours) and high-dose (>4 mg/kg/h) propofol infusion. PRIS is characterized by lactic acidosis (LA), bradyarrhythmia, rhabdomyolysis, cardiac and renal failure and ends often fatal.
Why is propofol contraindicated in children?
2 All patients experienced metabolic acidosis, hemodynamic instability and cardiac conduction abnormalities. 2 Canadian product monographs for propofol infusions are now being updated to indicate that the agent is contraindicated for the sedation of children receiving intensive care.
What causes lactic acidosis in kids?
Most cases of congenital lactic acidosis are caused by one or more inherited mutations of genes within the DNA located within the nucleus (nDNA) or within the mitochondria (mtDNA) of cells. Genes carry the genetic instructions for cells.
Does propofol cause hyperkalemia?
Propofol related infusion syndrome (PRIS) is a rare, but extremely dangerous complication of propofol administration. Unexplained anion-gap metabolic acidosis, rhabdomyolysis, hyperkalemia, acute kidney injury, elevated liver enzymes, and potentially fatal cardiac arrhythmias are characteristic of PRIS.
Does propofol have active metabolites?
In humans, propofol produces inactive metabolites. It undergoes direct polymorphic O-glucuronidation in humans to propofol-glucuronide and hydroxylation to 2,6-diisopropyl-1,4-quinol.
When is propofol contraindicated?
Propofol Injectable Emulsion is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to propofol or any of Propofol Injectable Emulsion components. Propofol Injectable Emulsion is contraindicated in patients with allergies to eggs, egg products, soybeans or soy products.
Why is propofol a drug of choice for induction and maintenance of anesthesia?
Propofol causes a dose-dependent decreased level of consciousness and can be used for moderate sedation to general anesthesia. This decreased sensorium may lead to loss of protective airway reflexes, and propofol should not be used in any patient unless they are appropriately fasting.
What causes metabolic acidosis in pediatrics?
Metabolic acidosis occurs frequently in small children. The most common causes are hypoxia, sepsis, gastroenteritis and hypovolaemia. Calculation of the anion gap is useful in establishing the cause. An increased anion gap represents unmeasured anions, e.g. lactate in lactic acidosis.
What is infant acidosis?
Fetal acidosis is a medical term that refers to high amounts of acid levels in an unborn baby’s blood. This typically occurs when a child is deprived of oxygen for an extended period of time during or after birth.
Does propofol cause hypokalemia?
Conclusion. Propofol was less frequently associated with moderate to severe hypokalemia after induction and rebound hyperkalemia following the cessation of continuous infusion than thiopental.
Can propofol cause kidney failure?
This medicine may cause propofol infusion syndrome, which can lead to more serious problems (eg, high potassium in the blood, high fat or cholesterol in the blood, rhabdomyolysis, enlarged liver, kidney failure, heart failure).