What is the physiology of osteoporosis?

Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease that, on a cellular level, results from osteoclastic bone resorption not compensated by osteoblastic bone formation. This causes bones to become weak and fragile, thus increasing the risk of fractures.

What part of bone is affected by osteoporosis?

An outer shell of dense bone wraps around the spongy bone. This hard shell is called cortical bone. When osteoporosis occurs, the “holes” in the “sponge” grow larger and more numerous, which weakens the inside of the bone. Bones support the body and protect vital organs.

What are the 3 types of osteoporosis?

Primary osteoporosis is the most common form of osteoporosis. It is divided into juvenile and idiopathic osteoporosis; idiopathic osteoporosis can be further subdivided into postmenopausal (type I) and age-associated or senile (type II) osteoporosis. Postmenopausal osteoporosis is primarily due to estrogen deficiency.

What is matrix in bone?

Bone matrix (also known as osteoid) consists of about 33% organic matter (mostly Type I collagen) and 67% inorganic matter (calcium phosphate, mostly hydroxyapatite crystals).

What is osteopenia pathophysiology?

Pathophysiology. Osteopenia occurs secondary to uncoupling of osteoclast-osteoblast activity, resulting in a quantitative decrease in bone mass. Peak bone mass is typically achieved by males and females just prior to or early on in the third decade of life.

What is the main cause of osteoporosis?

Dietary factors Osteoporosis is more likely to occur in people who have: Low calcium intake. A lifelong lack of calcium plays a role in the development of osteoporosis. Low calcium intake contributes to diminished bone density, early bone loss and an increased risk of fractures.

What are the two basic types of bones?

Bone types

Long bone – has a long, thin shape. Examples include the bones of the arms and legs (excluding the wrists, ankles and kneecaps).
Short bone – has a squat, cubed shape.
Flat bone – has a flattened, broad surface.
Irregular bone – has a shape that does not conform to the above three types.

What is compact bone?

Compact bone consists of closely packed osteons or haversian systems. The osteon consists of a central canal called the osteonic (haversian) canal, which is surrounded by concentric rings (lamellae) of matrix. Between the rings of matrix, the bone cells (osteocytes) are located in spaces called lacunae.

What does baking remove from a bone?

Baking the bone breaks down collagen. Without collagen, the bone is brittle and easy to break. If the bones in your body lacked collagen, they would break easily.

What happens when a person develops osteoporosis?

– In childhood and adolescence, new bone is formed very quickly. – After this, new bone is produced at about the same rate as older bone is broken down. – Eventually, from the age of about 40, bone starts to be broken down more quickly than it’s replaced, so our bones slowly begin to lose their density.

What organs are affected by osteoporosis?

Your sex. Women are much more likely to develop osteoporosis than are men.

Age. The older you get,the greater your risk of osteoporosis.

Race. You’re at greatest risk of osteoporosis if you’re white or of Asian descent.

Family history.

Body frame size.

What are facts about osteoporosis?

Sex hormones – Reduced estrogen levels due to menopause or absent menses can cause osteoporosis in women.

Anorexia nervosa (eating disorder) – can cause osteoporosis.

Calcium and vitamin D intake – A diet deficient in calcium and vitamin D increase risk of osteoporosis

Medications – Some medicines such as steroids increase osteoporosis risk

How do you diagnose osteoporosis?

Have you broken bones?

Have you gotten shorter?

How is your diet,especially your dairy intake?

How often do you exercise?

How is your balance?

Do you have a family history of osteoporosis?

Has a parent broken a hip?

Have you ever had stomach or intestinal surgery?

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