What is the function of the Claus process in refineries?
Task of the Claus process is to recover the elemental sulfur from the hydrogen sulfide and, more generally, from the by-product gases originated by physical and chemical gas and oil treatment units in refineries, natural gas processing, amine scrubbers.
What is clause reaction?
The Claus reaction continues in the catalytic step with activated aluminum(III) or titanium(IV) oxide, and serves to boost the sulfur yield. More hydrogen sulfide (H2S) reacts with the SO2 formed during combustion in the reaction furnace in the Claus reaction, and results in gaseous, elemental sulfur.
Which catalyst is used in Claus process?
Alumina or bauxite is sometimes used as a catalyst. Because this reaction represents an equilibrium chemical reaction, it is not possible for a Claus plant to convert all the incoming sulfur compounds to elemental sulfur. Therefore, 2 or more stages are used in series to recover the sulfur.
Which process is known as Claus process?
Acid gas from the acid gas removal (AGR) process, along with overhead gases from sour water stripping and a small amount of recycle from the tail gas treating unit (not shown), are burned in the Claus furnace with sufficient air or oxygen to produce an overall gas mixture with the desired 2 to 1 stoichiometric ratio of …
What is tail gas?
Tail gases means gases and vapors released into the atmosphere from an industrial process after all reaction and treatment has taken place.
What is Super Claus?
SUPERCLAUS process implies a modification of the process control. system and the use of a newly developed selective oxidation. catalyst in the third reactor with the object to yield 99% or. 99.5% overall sulphur recovery (two versions) without any further. tail gas clean-up.
What is TGTU in refinery?
The purpose of a tail gas treatment unit (TGTU) is to maximize the conversion of sulfur compounds to H2S. With an efficiently run TGTU, sulfur recovery efficiency can be increased up to 99.99%.
Why is sulphur recovered from oil refineries?
For crude oil, reducing the sulfur content in gasoline and diesel improves emission controls. The sulfur recovery process removes sulfur compounds from the product and thus reduces air pollution created by the fuel combustion process when the products are used.
What is SRU refinery?
Sulfur Recovery Unit (SRU): SRU is widely used to recover sulfur-containing, poisonous acidic gas in oil refinery process. The most commonly used process in sulfur recovery practice is Claus Process, which is to burn the incoming gas with oxygen, refrigerate the burnt gas and recover sulfur from the burnt gas.
What is tail gas composition?
In carbon black production processes, tail gas (TG) containing H2, CO, N2, CO2, hydrocarbons, nitrogen compounds (NH3, HCN, NOx etc.), sulfur compounds (COS, H2S, CS2, SOx etc.) is one of the major byproducts.
What is quench tower?
A Quench Tower or Condenser is often the first step in conditioning a high temperature, polluted air stream so that particulate, acid gasses, metals, and other emissions can be adequately removed.