What are the ISPD guidelines for peritonitis management?
We recommend daily topical application of antibiotic (mupirocin or gentamicin) cream or ointment to the catheter exit site (1B). We recommend prompt treatment of exit-site or catheter tunnel infection to reduce subsequent peritonitis risk (1C).
What is the criteria for diagnosing peritonitis?
The International Society of Peritoneal Dialysis (ISPD) criterion [3] for diagnosis of peritonitis is the presence of at least two of the following: abdominal pain and/or cloudy dialysis effluent, dialysis effluent white cell count >100/µl (after a dwell time of at least 2 h) with >50% polymorphonuclear cells or …
When do the ISPD guidelines recommend catheter removal?
Catheter removal should be performed when there is no response to antibiotics after 5 days of treatment. Furthermore, the latest guideline includes extensive tables that describe the recommended dosage for individual antibiotics and should be frequently referred to during patient treatment.
How do you calculate PD peritonitis?
Peritonitis rates were calculated by dividing episodes of peritonitis per year by the number of patient-years at risk. Hospital days were calculated by dividing hospital days per year by patient-years at risk.
When do you give intraperitoneal antibiotics?
Intraperitoneal administration of antibiotics is the preferred route unless there are features of systemic sepsis (6). When there is a foreseeable delay in administering intraperitoneal antibiotics, however, the systemic route should be used as a temporary measure so as to ensure a prompt treatment (35).
Which of the following conditions is most likely to directly cause peritonitis?
The following medical conditions, among others, increase your risk of developing peritonitis: liver cirrhosis, appendicitis, Crohn’s disease, stomach ulcers, diverticulitis and pancreatitis.
What is PD peritonitis?
PD peritonitis is one of the complications of peritoneal dialysis. Peritonitis is inflammation of the lining (peritoneum) surrounding your abdominal organs. It is usually caused by bacteria (germs) that have entered your abdomen either from your skin, PD catheter or from inside your body through your bowel.
What is peritonitis rate?
Since just after the year 2000, many centers have reported a peritonitis rate of 0.2 – 0.6 episodes per year of treatment, about 1 episode in 20 – 60 patient-months (8). Although the actual peritonitis rate reported by van Esch et al.
What antibiotics are used for peritonitis?
Antibiotics for peritonitis Commonly used antibiotics for the treatment of peritonitis include beta-lactams (penicillins), carbapenems (beta-lactamase−resistant beta-lactams), cephalosporins (semi-synthetic beta-lactams), and quinolones (such as ciprofloxacin).
How do you give intraperitoneal vancomycin?
Vancomycin is a type of glycopeptide, which is recommended to be administered intermittently in a dose of 15 – 30 mg/kg of body weight in one exchange every 5 – 7 days daily via the intraperitoneal (IP) route for optimal efficacy (4).