How many cases of brucellosis are there?

How many cases of brucellosis are there?

There are approximately 500,000 reported incident cases of human brucellosis annually; however, true incidence is estimated at 5,000,000 to 12,500,000 cases annually [11–13]….Table 1.

Does brucellosis have a worldwide distribution?

Who is at risk? Brucellosis is found globally and is a reportable disease in most countries.

What countries have brucellosis?

Areas currently listed as high risk are:

• the Mediterranean Basin (Portugal, Spain, Southern France, Italy, Greece, Turkey, North Africa)
• Mexico, South and Central America.
• Eastern Europe.
• Asia.
• Africa.
• The Caribbean.
• The Middle East.

Where is brucellosis most common?

While brucellosis is rare in the United States, it is more common in other parts of the world, especially:

• Southern Europe, including Portugal, Spain, Turkey, Italy, Greece, Southern France.
• Eastern Europe.
• Mexico, South and Central America.
• Asia.
• Africa.
• The Caribbean.
• The Middle East.

Why is it called Malta fever?

The disease is named after the discoverer of the bacterium “David Bruce” in 1887. The name “Malta fever” is derived from the geographic endemic region where the fever is originally described. Brucellosis is almost always transmitted to humans from infected animals.

What are the four species of brucellosis?

Of the 4 Brucella species known to cause disease in humans (B abortus, B melitensis, B canis, B suis), B melitensis is thought to be the most virulent and causes the most severe and acute cases of brucellosis; it is also the most prevalent worldwide.

Is brucellosis curable in humans?

In general, the prognosis for patients infected with Brucella is very good. If individuals are treated appropriately within the first few months of symptom onset, they are curable with antibiotics and usually don’t develop chronic disease.

Is brucellosis a notifiable disease?

Brucellosis is a notifiable animal disease. If you suspect it you must report it immediately by calling the Defra Rural Services Helpline on 03000 200 301. In Wales, contact 0300 303 8268. In Scotland, contact your local Field Services Office.

Is Brucella canis notifiable in the UK?

As of early February 2021, it is not a notifiable or reportable animal pathogen if identified in a dog in the UK. The clinical signs of B. canis infection in dogs are not pathognomonic, and infection can be subclinical.

Which of the following is the most common source of human infection in the world?

The most common vector for human infection is the mosquito, which transmits malaria, West Nile virus, and yellow fever. Airborne transmission: Pathogens can also spread when residue from evaporated droplets or dust particles containing microorganisms are suspended in air for long periods of time.