How does allopurinol treat leishmaniasis?

There is evidence that allopurinol can inhibit the growth of leishmania in vitro and in tissue culture. Allopurinol and pentostam (a pentavalent antimonial agent) have a synergistic action against leishmania in tissue culture.

What is the treatment for Leishmania donovani?

In 2014, FDA approved the oral agent miltefosine for treatment of visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania donovani, in adults and adolescents who are not pregnant or breastfeeding. Use of miltefosine for visceral leishmaniasis caused by other species (e.g., L.

How much allopurinol can I give my dog?

Medication should never be administered without first consulting your veterinarian. In dogs, the usual dose of Allopurinol is 3 to 5 mg per pound (10 mg/kg) every 8 hours or 7 mg per pound (15 mg/kg) every 12 hours. In cats, the usual dose of Allopurinol is 4 mg per pound (8.8 mg/kg) per day.

How long does it take for allopurinol to work in dogs?

Although it has been used alone for treatment of canine leishmaniosis, allopurinol is most commonly used in combination with meglumine or miltefosine. Allopurinol is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tracts of dogs. Peak drug concentrations occur 1 to 3 hours after administration.

Is cutaneous leishmaniasis fatal?

Ensuring adequate treatment of the cutaneous infection may help prevent mucosal leishmaniasis. If not treated, severe (advanced) cases of visceral leishmaniasis typically are fatal.

What is allopurinol used for in dogs?

Allopurinol (brand names Lopurin®, Zyloprim®) is a drug used to prevent the recurrence of uric acid and calcium oxalate uroliths (stones) in dogs. This medication works by decreasing the production of uric acid in the body.

Can allopurinol harm dogs?

Side effects of allopurinol are uncommon in dogs and cats. Some animals may vomit after receiving the medication. When used for the long-term prevention of stones in dogs, a low-purine diet should be fed. In dogs receiving higher doses of allopurinol, certain types of bladder stones (xanthine stones) may develop.