What is the pathophysiology of shingles?

What is the pathophysiology of shingles?

Herpes zoster, also known as shingles, is caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), the same virus that causes varicella (chickenpox). Primary infection with VZV causes varicella. Once the illness resolves, the virus remains latent in the dorsal root ganglia.

How long does shingles Prodrome last?

Herpes zoster typically presents with a prodrome consisting of hyperesthesia, paresthesias, burning dysesthesias or pruritus along the affected dermatome(s). The prodrome generally lasts one to two days but may precede the appearance of skin lesions by up to three weeks.

Can shingles cause incontinence?

Herpes zoster may give rise to dysfunction of bladder and anus. Mucosal lesions have been reported, and 7 cases are described with retention, loss of sensation, or incontinence. Sacral shingles is associated with sensory loss and flaccid detrusor paralysis.

What are the isolation precautions for shingles?

Airborne and contact precautions until disseminated infection is ruled out. Airborne and contact precautions until lesions are dry and crusted.

What is the acute phase of shingles?

The course of shingles can be divided into three stages: Prodrome (early symptoms stage) – one to four days prior to rash appearing. Infectious rash (acute stage) – seven to ten days duration. Resolution (healing stage) – two to four weeks duration.

What does a mild case of shingles feel like?

For some people, the symptoms of shingles are mild. They might just have some itching. For others, shingles can cause intense pain that can be felt from the gentlest touch or breeze. It’s important to talk with your doctor if you notice any shingles symptoms.

Can shingles cause urinary retention?

Herpes zoster-associated urinary retention is an uncommon event related to virus infection of the S2-S4 dermatome. The possible major reasons are ipsilateral hemicystitis, neuritis-induced or myelitis-associated virus infection.

Can shingles cause neurogenic bladder?

Abstract. Herpes zoster infection involving the sacral dermatomes has been associated with bladder dysfunction and, although rarely, with acute urinary retention. Less than 150 cases have been reported in the literature.

What are the 3 stages of shingles?

Shingles’ clinical manifestations are divided into 3 distinct phases: preeruptive, acute eruptive, and chronic.