What is CYP3A4 inhibited by?

What is CYP3A4 inhibited by?

Potent inhibitors of CYP3A4 include clarithromycin, erythromycin, diltiazem, itraconazole, ketoconazole, ritonavir, verapamil, goldenseal and grapefruit.

Does orange juice inhibit CYP3A4?

Mechanism of drug interaction. The possible mechanisms of juice-drug interactions were illustrated in Table 2. This review showed that apple juice and orange juice had no substantial inhibitory effects on CYP3A4 and P-gp compared with GFJ.

What are inhibitors of CYP3A?

CYP3A inducers include the glucocorticoids, rifampin, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, and phenytoin. Among the many significant CYP3A inhibitors are grapefruit juice, erythromycin, ketoconazole, clarithromycin, and verapamil.

Which type of fruit juice has the potential to interact with many medications?

grapefruit juice
More than 85 medications are known to interact with grapefruit juice, and approximately one-half of these interactions have the potential to cause serious adverse events. In addition, many medications can interact with other juices, such as orange, apple, and cranberry.

How does grapefruit juice inhibit CYP3A4?

However, grapefruit juice contains psoralens which produce “suicide inhibition” of CYP3A4 (a reactive intermediate forms a covalent bond to irreversibly inactivate the enzyme). This causes large increases in blood levels of drugs that are metabolized by CYP3A4, notably lovastatin (see below data from [15]).

Is pomegranate a CYP3A4 inhibitor?

In vitro and in vivo laboratory data show that pomegranate juice consistently inhibits intestinal CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 enzymes. Pomegranate juice may therefore increase the bioavailability of drugs that are metabolized by these enzymes.

Is grapefruit juice a CYP3A4 inhibitor?

Scientific studies indicate that grapefruit and grapefruit juice inhibit CYP3A4, which metabolizes more than 65% of all drugs, as well as P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and a number of other metabolic enzymes and transporters.

What fruits interact with medications?

Fruits associated with medicine interactions include orange, pomelo, pomegranate, cranberry, grape, apple, and grapefruit.

Is grapefruit juice a CYP inhibitor or inducer?

Grapefruit juice is consumed widely in today’s health conscious world as a protector against cardiovascular diseases and cancers. It has however, been found to be an inhibitor of the intestinal cytochrome P – 450 3A4 system, which is responsible for the first pass metabolism of many drugs.

Does St John’s wort inhibit CYP3A4?

St. John’s wort extract (SJW) (Hypericum perforatum L.) is among the most commonly used herbal medications in the United States. The predominance of clinical reports indicates that SJW increases the activity of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzyme and reduces plasma concentrations of certain drugs.