What is the antidote for organophosphates?
The definitive treatment for organophosphate poisoning is atropine, which competes with acetylcholine at the muscarinic receptors.
Why is atropine used for organophosphate poisoning?
Atropine is given to poisoned patients to block muscarinic overstimulation.
Why pralidoxime is used in organophosphate poisoning?
Pralidoxime is an effective antidote for organophosphate poisoning only if the antidote is administered before the “aging” process (i.e., within 24 hours of exposure), which stabilizes the organophosphate-enzyme complex.
Is organophosphate poisoning irreversible?
Organophosphate intoxication (OI) induces irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. Organophosphates phosphorylate the serine hydroxyl group of acetylcholine, leading to accumulation of acetylcholine at the cholinergic synapses [2].
Which of the following compounds is antidote?
Introduction
| Poison | Antidote |
|---|---|
| Copper | Ammonium tetrathiomolybdate OR d-Penicillamine |
| Cyanide, HCN orally or by inhalation | Sodium nitrite followed by sodium thiosulfate OR Hydroxocobalamin Sodium thiosulfate may be used alone in mild toxicosis |
| Cyanogenic glycosides | Sodium nitrite + sodium thiosulfate OR Methylene blue |
What is atropine the antidote for?
Study objective: Atropine is the preferred antidote for immediate management of toxicity associated with nerve agents or other cholinergic syndromes. A large-scale exposure to a nerve agent or organophosphate insecticide might result in many victims presenting for care within a short period of time.
What is pralidoxime used for?
Descriptions. Pralidoxime injection is used together with another medicine called atropine to treat poisoning caused by organic phosphorus pesticides (e.g., diazinon, malathion, mevinphos, parathion, and sarin) and by organophosphate chemicals (“nerve gases”) used in chemical warfare.
Do you give atropine or pralidoxime first?
Atropine, which is choice of drug to antagonise the muscarinic effects of organophosphates, is administered even before pralidoxime during the treatment of organophosphate poisoning.
Why is pralidoxime used with atropine?
Atropine and pralidoxime is a combination medicine used as an antidote to treat poisoning by a pesticide (insect spray) or a chemical that interferes with the central nervous system, such as nerve gas.
How can organophosphate poisoning be prevented?
Do not smoke, drink, eat or rub your mouth or eyes until you have washed your hands and face with soap and water. Wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants of tightly woven fabric, socks, a hat and shoes. Do not wear canvas shoes or sandals. Change clothing daily and do not re-wear it until it has been laundered.
Can atropine or 2-PAM be used prophylactically?
It should be noted that atropine or 2-PAM are only effective OP antidotes when they are used together prophylactically or therapeutically. They protect pro- phylactically much better than therapeutically.