What are COX-1 and COX-2 responsible for?

What are COX-1 and COX-2 responsible for?

It has been proposed that cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 subserve different physiologic functions largely because of the striking differences in their tissue expression and regulation. COX-1 displays the characteristics of a “housekeeping” gene and is constitutively expressed in almost all tissues.

Does aspirin inhibit COX-1 or COX-2?

Effects on cyclooxygenase There are at least two different cyclooxygenase isozymes: COX-1 (PTGS1) and COX-2 (PTGS2). Aspirin is non-selective and irreversibly inhibits both forms (but is weakly more selective for COX-1).

Where are COX-1 and 2 located?

COX-1 was found in blood vessels, interstitial cells, smooth muscle cells, platelets and mesothelial cells. In contrast, COX-2 was found predominantly in the parenchymal cells of many tissues, with few exceptions, for example the heart.

What does COX-2 pathway do?

Arachidonic Acid, Eicosanoids, and COX-2 COX (or prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) oxidizes arachidonic acid to prostaglandin G2, reduces prostaglandin G2 to prostaglandin H2, and is the key enzyme responsible for production of prostaglandins and other eicosanoids.

How is the expression of PTGS1 and PTGS2 different?

In the central nervous system, PTGS2 is constitutively expressed on pyramidal neurons, while PTGS1 expression is predominant in microglia and could be upregulated during the neuroinflammation causing a huge neuroinflammatory response and the overproduction of proinflammatory mediators.

How do COX-2 enzymes work?

The cyclooxygenase isoenzymes, COX-1 and COX-2, catalyze the formation of prostaglandins, thromboxane, and levuloglandins. The prostaglandins are autocoid mediators that affect virtually all known physiological and pathological processes via their reversible interaction with G-protein coupled membrane receptors.

What is the only COX-2 still on the market?

Examples of Selective COX-2 Inhibitors Celebrex (celecoxib) is currently the only brand-name selective COX-2 inhibitor available in the United States; there are also generic versions of celecoxib.