Is varicella zoster DNA or RNA?
Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) VZV is a DNA virus and is a member of the herpesvirus group. Like other herpesviruses, VZV persists in the body as a latent infection after the primary (first) infection; VZV persists in sensory nerve ganglia.
What type of genome does chicken pox have?
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is a human alphaherpesvirus that causes chicken pox (varicella) and shingles (herpes zoster) (75). VZV has a linear, double-stranded DNA genome of approximately 125 kb that encodes at least 71 proteins (12).
How many genes does VZV have?
VZV encodes 6 genes (ORF1,2,13,32,57, and S/L) that are absent in HSV (Figure 1). ORF 13 encodes the viral thymidylate synthetase which has a homolog in herpesvirus saimiri and Kaposi’s sarcoma associated herpesvirus.
Is varicella enveloped?
4.3 Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is an enveloped double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the family Herpesviridae [70]. VZV is also called human herpesvirus type 3. VZV infects the lungs and enters into the nerves, including the cranial nerve ganglia and dorsal root ganglia.
Is chickenpox double-stranded?
ABSTRACT. Varicella-zoster virus (VZV), a double-stranded DNA alphaherpesvirus, is associated with seasonal outbreaks of varicella in nonimmunized populations.
Where did the varicella-zoster virus come from?
Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is the causative agent of chickenpox and shingles. The geographic distribution of VZV clades was taken as evidence that VZV migrated out of Africa with human populations. We show that extant VZV strains most likely originated in Europe and not in Africa.
Is chickenpox a DNA virus?
Varicella (chickenpox) is an acute infectious disease. It is caused by varicella-zoster virus (VZV), which is a DNA virus that is a member of the herpesvirus group. After the primary infection, VZV stays in the body (in the sensory nerve ganglia) as a latent infection. Primary infection with VZV causes varicella.
Is Smallpox a DNA virus?
Smallpox is a double-stranded, 135- to 375-kilobase (kb) DNA virus that replicates in the cytoplasm of the host cell and forms B-type inclusion bodies (Guarnieri bodies). This is in contrast to herpes viruses, which replicate in the nucleus. The orthopoxviruses are among the largest and most complex of all viruses.
Can VZV mutate?
In 1998, a VZV mutant virus (VZV-MSP) was discovered in Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota; the virus had a missense mutation in the preponderant surface glycoprotein called gE (1,2). The mutation in VZV-MSP led to a lost B-cell epitope in the gE ectodomain.
How does VZV reproduce?
VZV enters the host through the respiratory tract and conjunctiva. It replicates at the site of entry in the nasopharynx and in regional lymph nodes. A primary viremia occurs 4 to 6 days after infection and disseminates the virus to other organs, such as the liver, spleen, and sensory ganglia.
What is VZV made up of?
Similar to other herpesvirus capsids, the VZV capsid is composed mainly of four types of protein that are arranged in icosahedral symmetry with a triangulation (T) number of 16, including the major capsid protein (MCP), the small capsid protein (SCP), and the Tri1 and Tri2 proteins that make up the heterotriplex (Fig.