What is the size of rinderpest virus?
Rinderpest virus belongs to the Paramyxoviridae family, subfamily Paramyxovirinae, and genus Morbillivirus. Viral particles are enveloped with a viral genome consisting of a single-stranded, nonsegmented RNA of negative polarity, and an approximate size of 15.8 kb.
What type of virus is rinderpest?
Rinderpest was caused by a paramyxovirus (genus Morbillivirus) closely related to those that cause measles in humans and viral distemper in dogs. The virus was transmitted by close direct or indirect contact. After an incubation period of three to nine days, fever and loss of appetite occurred in an infected animal.
Is there a vaccine for rinderpest?
Development of the Plowright tissue culture rinderpest vaccine (TCRV) in 1960 [23] was an important milestone in rinderpest control that gave impetus to the first coordinated effort to eradicate rinderpest from all of Africa. TCRV was one of the finest vaccines ever developed in human or veterinary medicine.
What germ causes rinderpest?
The causative agent, rinderpest virus, was first shown to be a filterable virus in 1902. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis, it has been suggested that rinderpest virus is the archetype morbillivirus, speculated to have given rise to canine distemper and human measles viruses some 5000–10,000 years ago.
What is Rinder pest?
Rinderpest, or cattle plague, is a contagious and highly-fatal disease of cattle, buffaloes, yaks and many other artiodactyls (even-toed ungulates), both domesticated and wild. Vulnerable animals include swine, giraffes and kudus.
Is small pox a pandemic?
The Franco-Prussian War triggered a smallpox pandemic of 1870–1875 that claimed 500,000 lives; while vaccination was mandatory in the Prussian army, many French soldiers were not vaccinated. Smallpox outbreaks among French prisoners of war spread to the German civilian population and other parts of Europe.
When did India eradicate rinderpest?
The International Committee of World Organization for Animal Health OIE recognized India as free from Rinderpest infection on 25th May, 2006.
Did rinderpest affect humans?
While Rinderpest did not infect humans it severely affected their livelihoods. Rinderpest outbreaks caused famines responsible for millions of deaths. The virus spread via droplets, so that animals got infected by inhaling sick animals’ breath, secretions or excretions.
Is rinderpest coming back?
Rinderpest research can continue in bio-secure laboratories Although rinderpest has been eradicated from fields and pastures, virus samples remain quite alive in the dozens of laboratories that participated in the control campaign.
How do I get rid of rinderpest?
Inoculating cows with inactivated virus samples from infected animals was an idea inspired by the variolation practice against smallpox in humans. Thailand, the Philippines and Iran, for example, managed to eliminate rinderpest before the Second World War largely using inactivated virus samples from cows.
Does rinderpest affect sheep?
Rinderpest is a contagious disease of cattle, sheep, and goats that has also been called cattle plague.
Can a human get rinderpest?
Rinderpest is not known to infect humans, but its effect on cattle and other animals has had a tremendous impact on human livelihoods and food security, due to its ability to wipe out entire herds of cattle in a matter of days.