What is inhalational induction?
Inhalational induction using sevoflurane in a mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen without additional opioids or muscle relaxants provides sufficiently good conditions for a smooth endotracheal intubation or insertion of a laryngeal mask airway.
What is inhalational anesthesia?
All inhalational anesthetics provide amnesia and immobility, except for nitrous oxide, which also provides analgesia. Inhaled anesthetics are commonly used in combination with IV anesthetic agents. These agents have FDA approval for use as a general anesthetic and sedation agent in the operating room.
What is considered induction of anesthesia?
During induction of anaesthesia the blood is taking up anaesthetic selectively and rapidly, and the resulting loss of volume in the alveoli leads to a flow of anaesthetic into the lungs that is independent of respiratory activity.
Can propofol be inhaled?
Both intravenous propofol and inhaled sevoflurane can decrease postoperative spirometry parameters. However, it seems that patients receiving propofol have less decreased spirometric indices.
What are the three stages of anesthesia?
Stages of Anesthesia
- Plane I – from onset of automatic respiration to cessation of eyeball movements.
- Plane II – from cessation of eyeball movements to beginning of paralysis of intercostal muscles.
- Plane III – from beginning to completion of intercostal muscle paralysis.
What are the 3 main phases of anaesthesia?
It can be divided into three stages: induction, main- tenance and emergence. In regional anaesthesia, nerve transmis- sion is blocked, and the patient may stay awake or be sedated or anaesthetized dur- ing a procedure.
What drugs are used for pediatric general anesthesia?
Desflurane, sevoflurane, and isoflurane are the most commonly used in pediatric clinical practice. Halothane is the prototypical pediatric inhalational agent; however, its use has decreased dramatically since the availability of isoflurane and sevoflurane. Enflurane is rarely used in children.