What are stellate cells?
Stellate cells are quiescent fibroblasts that normally reside in sinusoidal walls within the subendothelial space of Disse. Stellate cells are activated by inflammatory mediators to commence collagen synthesis. Simultaneously, there occurs activation of tissue metalloproteinases that degrade collagen.
What is the function of the stellate or hepatic macrophages?
Hepatocytes, stellate cells and Kupffer cells secrete chemokines such as CCL2 that promotes the recruitment of Ly-6Chi monocytes into the liver, where they develop into Ly-6C+ macrophages. These cells promote the progression of liver injury by secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines and producing ROS.
What type of cells are hepatic stellate cells?
Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), a mesenchymal cell type in hepatic parenchyma, have unique features with respect to their cellular origin, morphology, and function. Normal, quiescent HSCs function as major vitamin A-storing cells containing over 80% of total vitamin A in the body to maintain vitamin A homeostasis.
What is the function of Ito cells?
Ito cells (perisinusoidal fat-storing cells, stellate cells, lipocytes) of the liver are mesenchymal cells located in the space of Disse. They are the main place of vitamin A storage in characteristic lipid droplets.
What is the role of hepatic stellate cells?
Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are pericytes residing in the perisinusoidal space, between sinusoidal endothelial cells and hepatocytes, store vitamin A, and regulate sinusoidal circulation. Following chronic hepatitis, HSCs actively produce extracellular matrices and cause liver fibrosis.
What does stellate mean?
resembling a star
: resembling a star (as in shape)
What is stellate neuron?
Stellate cells are any neuron in the central nervous system that have a star-like shape formed by dendritic processes radiating from the cell body. Many Stellate cells are GABAergic and are located in the molecular layer of the cerebellum.
Are stellate cells Kupffer cells?
Kupffer cells, also known as stellate macrophages and Kupffer–Browicz cells, are specialized cells localized in the liver within the lumen of the liver sinusoids and are adhesive to their endothelial cells which make up the blood vessel walls.
What is a liver sinusoid?
Sinusoids are low pressure vascular channels that receive blood from terminal branches of the hepatic artery and portal vein at the periphery of lobules and deliver it into central veins. Sinusoids are lined with endothelial cells and flanked by plates of hepatocytes.
Where are Ito cells located in the liver?
the space of Disse
Hepatic stellate cells (HSC), also known as perisinusoidal cells or Ito cells (earlier lipocytes or fat-storing cells), are pericytes found in the perisinusoidal space of the liver, also known as the space of Disse (a small area between the sinusoids and hepatocytes).
What is the significance of hepatic stellate cells during inflammation in the liver?
A: Hepatic stellate cells protect hepatocytes by participating in the maintenance of cell attachment and the architecture of liver tissue via extracellular matrix production; B: Hepatic stellate cells assist liver regeneration by producing growth factors; C: Hepatic stellate cells play a role in relaying inflammation …
What are stellate neurons?
What is the function of a stellate cell?
Stellate cells are now recognized as having a myriad of functions other than simply responding to liver injury and inducing fibrosis. These versatile cells are known to play a critical role in development of the liver, in liver regeneration , and in modulating immunologic reactions within the liver.
What types of cells are in the liver?
the hepatocyte
What does hepatic stellate cells mean?
The stellate cell is the major cell type involved in liver fibrosis, which is the formation of scar tissue in response to liver damage. Hepatic stellate cells can be selectively stained with gold chloride, but their distinguishing feature in routine histological preparations is the presence of multiple lipid droplets in their cytoplasm.
Where is the stellate macrophages of the liver?
Asrani SK,Devarbhavi H,Eaton J,Kamath PS. Burden of liver diseases in the world.