What can cause oculogyric crisis?

What can cause oculogyric crisis?

Oculogyric crises can be triggered by neuroleptics or other medication such as dopamine receptor antagonists. Oculogyric crises are rarely reported with quetiapine in the literature. Emotional stress and fatigue seem to worsen or induce these episodes. The onset of these attacks is often abrupt.

What drugs cause dystonic reaction?

Neuroleptics (antipsychotics), antiemetics, and antidepressants are the most common causes of drug-induced dystonic reactions. Acute dystonic reactions have been described with every antipsychotic. Alcohol and cocaine use increase risk.

What is oculogyric crisis?

Oculogyric crisis (OGC) describes the clinical phenomenon of sustained dystonic, conjugate and typically upward deviation of the eyes lasting from seconds to hours. It was initially observed in patients with postencephalitic parkinsonism, but since then a number of conditions have been associated with OGC.

Can amantadine cause dystonia?

Drug-induced extrapyramidal reactions, mainly caused by antipsychotics, has led to many problematic symptoms such as dystonia, pseudo-parkinsonism, akathisia, and tardive dyskinesia. Anticholinergics, such as amantadine have been used to treat extrapyramidal symptoms caused by antipsychotics for many years now.

How is oculogyric crisis treated?

Treatment. Severe or painful oculogyric crises can be treated acutely with benztropine or diphenhydramine, intramuscularly or intravenously. A dose can be repeated in 30 minutes if there is no response. If these are unsuccessful, then diazepam or lorazepam, intramuscularly or intravenously, can be used.

Is oculogyric crisis reversible?

The management is the same as for dystonias caused by antipsychotics, that is, anticholinergics and reassurance. Our case report highlights the fact that oculogyric crises caused by drugs may be reversible and prognosis may be good.