What is BLER in 3g?
3GPP TS 34.121, F. 6.1. 1 defines block error ratio (BLER) as follows: “A Block Error Ratio is defined as the ratio of the number of erroneous blocks received to the total number of blocks sent. An erroneous block is defined as a Transport Block, the cyclic redundancy check (CRC) of which is wrong.”
What is spreading factor in WCDMA?
WCDMA uses Direct Sequence spreading, where spreading process is done by directly combining the baseband information to high chip rate binary code. The Spreading Factor is the ratio of the chips (UMTS = 3.84Mchips/s) to baseband information rate. Spreading factors vary from 4 to 512 in FDD UMTS.
How ul BLER is calculated in lte?
BLER is measured after channel de-interleaving and decoding by evaluating the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) on each transport block. Block Error Rate (BLER) is used in LTE/4G technology to determine the in-sync or out-of-sync indication during radio link monitoring (RLM).
What is target BLER?
– BLER Target for Radio Link Monitoring. – BLER Target for PDSCH decoding. In the Case of Radio Link monitoring, UE monitor’s the downlink link quality based on the reference signal in order to detect the downlink radio link quality of the camped cell.
How is BLER calculated?
A Block Error Ratio(BLER) is defined as the ratio of the number of erroneous blocks received to the total number of blocks sent. BLER = Number of erroneous blocks / the Total number of blocks received.
What are the two different types of code used in WCDMA?
In a WCDMA system, isolation between users in the downlink is accomplished through the combination of user-specific channelization codes and cell-specific scrambling codes.
What is chip rate in WCDMA?
The basis for the physical layer of WCDMA is spreading of the data to be transmitted to the chip rate corresponding to 3.84 Mchip/s using channelization codes. It is also responsible for coding, transport-channel multiplexing, and modulation of the radio-frequency carrier.
What causes high BLER in LTE?
b) Typical causes of bad BLER are downlink interference, bad coverage (holes in the network, etc.)
What is BLER target value?
In radio side, typical BLER target is 10% which means the receiver should receive at least 90% successful transmission. If the target is less than 10% then more re-transmission might be required and cause radio resource consuming.
What is the difference between WCDMA and CDMA?
WCDMA stands for Wideband Code Division Multiple Access. It basically uses the same technology as that of CDMA but incorporates it into 3G. This works with GSM and EDGE to be used as UMTS and also resulted in higher internet speed. WCDMA signifies the leap from 2G to 3G and thus is miles ahead in terms of speed.
What is wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA)?
WCDMA stands for Wideband Code Division Multiple Access. It basically uses the same technology as that of CDMA but incorporates it into 3G. This works with GSM and EDGE to be used as UMTS and also resulted in higher internet speed.
Who developed the WCDMA standard?
The credit for the development of the CDMA standard goes to the American wireless telecommunications research and development company, Qualcomm. WCDMA, which is an abbreviation for Wideband Code Division Multiple Access or Wideband CDMA, is a mobile phone standard which combines CDMA and GSM to create an entirely new system.
What is the difference between WCDMA and 3G?
(You also need to make a note of the fact that the 3G technology introduced by CDMA―CDMA2000 or EV-DO, is a direct competitor for WCDMA.) The fact that WCDMA is a part of the 3G system makes it faster than its 2G counterpart.