How do you characterize diplopia?
Diplopia should be characterized as either: monocular or binocular, horizontal or vertical, acute or progressive, painful or painless, traumatic or non-traumatic and isolated or associated with other neurological signs. True sudden onset suggests an ischemic/vascular cause.
How is diplopia measured?
Plotting a field of single binocular vision using the Goldmann perimeter 1–4 is currently considered the standard for quantifying diplopia, however Goldmann perimeters are expensive and are being replaced in many Ophthalmology practices by automated perimeters for assessment of patients with glaucoma and neuro- …
Which test is used in diplopia?
The red glass test is a commonly used bedside examination for the patients with diplopia. In the conventional red glass test, the patient was asked to see the light of penlight while a red filter or glass is placed over the right eye. Thus, the right eye sees a red light, and the left eye sees a white light.
What causes horror Fusionis?
Horror fusionis It is a diagnosis of exclusion and may occur in patients with prolonged sensory deprivation in one eye, severe head injury, and postviral syndromes. Patients with horror fusionis typically experience significant distress from their symptoms, as they can neither fuse nor suppress the images.
Is diplopia genetic?
This disorder is caused by heterozygous mutations in the CACNA1G gene (17q21. 33). Treatment Options: No treatment has been reported.
What is intractable diplopia?
Intractable diplopia is a condition where binoc- ular diplopia can only be eliminated via a means of occluding one eye.
What is binocular fusion?
Binocular fusion refers to the process, or set of processes, through which information from the two eyes is combined to yield single vision, rather than double vision (diplopia).
What is diplopia?
Diplopia is a relatively common occurrence and can be caused by the misalignment of the eyes, such as in strabismus . Monocular diplopia has a lower prevalence than binocular diplopia and occurs when two images are seen with one eye closed .
What is the history of monocular diplopia?
History. Generally, monocular diplopia represents an ocular cause ( Table 1 ), and patients describe two overlapping images—a real one and a superimposed hazy image. Cataracts are a common cause of monocular polyopia, in which the eye perceives two or more images. Transient monocular diplopia often results from tear film insufficiency…
Why do I have diplopia after ocular surgery?
Some patients may note diplopia soon after ocular surgery because a preoperative ocular misalignment failed to cause diplopia (due to poor vision in the preoperative eye). A thorough preoperative evaluation should identify this issue and a pre-emptive discussion can occur.
What is the most important question to ask a patient with diplopia?
The most important question for the patient with diplopia is, “Does the double vision resolve when either eye is covered?” In binocular diplopia, one of the images disappears when one eye is covered.