What are the complications of non invasive ventilation?

What are the complications of non invasive ventilation?

COMPLICATIONS

• pressure ulcers/necrosis (nasal bridge)
• facial or ocular abrasions.
• claustrophobia/anxiety.
• agitation.
• air swallowing with gastric/ abdominal distension, potentially leading to vomiting and aspiration.
• hypotension if hypovolaemic.
• aspiration.
• oronasal mucosal dryness.

What are the contraindications of positive pressure ventilation?

Relative contraindications to PPV include copious secretions, lack of an intact mental status, cardiac or respiratory arrest, and those who are considered to be high aspiration risks or are unable to protect their airway.

What is the difference between invasive and noninvasive ventilation?

In invasive ventilation, air is delivered via a tube that is inserted into the windpipe through the mouth or sometimes the nose. In NIV, air is delivered through a sealed mask that can be placed over the mouth, nose or the whole face.

Is positive pressure ventilation invasive?

Positive pressure ventilation is delivered in one of two forms: non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (either through a mask) or invasive positive pressure ventilation, which requires delivering breaths either through an endotracheal tube or a tracheostomy tube.

Which complication is associated with invasive mechanical ventilation?

Infections. Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is defined as pneumonia which occurs after 48-hours hours of intubation and mechanical ventilation. The incidence is between 9–27% and it is associated with considerable mortality (up to 50%). Thus early recognition and prompt treatment are important.

When is noninvasive positive pressure ventilation used?

Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation has been used in patients with acute respiratory failure that occurred postsurgery or that occurred because of community-acquired pneumonia.

What are the clinical indications for noninvasive positive pressure ventilation?

Indications for Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation

• Acute exacerbations of COPD.
• Cardiogenic pulmonary edema.
• Obesity-hypoventilation syndrome.
• Immunocompromised patients with impending respiratory failure, in whom intubation poses a higher risk of infection.
• Hypoxemic respiratory failure.

What are the adverse effects of low humidity with patients on NIV?

The most frequently reported factors associated with low acceptance and adherence rates include side effects such as nasal congestion, dry nose or throat, discomfort related to cold air, and/or allergy to the interface material; these are reported by as many as 65% of patients using nasal CPAP [34].

What life-threatening complication is likely if a patient with a simple pneumothorax is put on intermittent positive pressure ventilation?

Every patient on positive pressure ventilation is at risk of developing pulmonary barotrauma.